护理英语：外科术前、术里面与术后恢复对话

一、练成在此之前竟然

Before a surgery, much work should be done to make sure the patient's safety.

动手出院之在此之前为了在此之前弗医护人员份的安全有许多文书工作要动手。1. Vital signs will be taken and recorded. Tell the doctor anything unusual.第一，要扫描并历史纪录灵魂疾状。将任何异常具体情况告知精神科。2. All prostheses such as contact lenses, artificial limbs and artificial teeth should be taken off.第二，所有单极，例如、化妆以及铁皮都确实剃。The anesthetist may prefer that artificial teeth be left in place. So the nurse must consult the anesthetist on this.五军可能亦会希望让疾症头戴铁皮，所以医务人员须要咨询五军的表示提议。

3. The patient's nail polish and makeup should be removed. You will make it easier for the doctor to observe the patient for cyanosis.

第三，疾症须要除去指甲油并卸妆。这样亦会让精神科可能亦会看清医护人员前提患有纤细疾。The cyanosis often shows the need for oxygen. Hairpins should also be removed because they will cause contamination纤细疾一般而言声称疾症并不必需要决胜负氧。还应当剃萨多韦等发饰，以免引发染疾。4. The bladder should be emptied by voiding or by catheter. A full bladder could be damaged during surgery.第四，经过勃起或者导尿清空膀胱。膀胱内充满分泌物可能亦会在出院过程中亦会受损。5. Unless the surgery is a small one, the bowel should be cleaned by enemas before the surgery. It will prevent much discomfort after the surgery. It will also prevent contamination.第五，练成在此之前疾症必需运用于灌肠剂清空肠道，小出院除外。这亦会可避免很多练成后不适症状。还可以可避免染疾。6. Sedative is usually given 30 minutes to an hours before the patient is taken to the surgical room. It will make the anesthesia easier.第六，镇静剂一般而言在疾症转回出院室在此之前30分钟到一小时内注射。这可以让过程完成地可能亦会一些。After that, the patient should be encouraged to rest quietly. A member of the family may be allowed to stay in the room with the patient.然后确实轻声安慰疾症转回休眠状态。出院室内有时可以允许疾症的一位家人陪伴。7. The patient's chart should be taken to the surgical room and it must be complete. It must include all laboratory and X-ray reports, a signed operative permit, etc.第七，疾症的疾历表确实带入出院室，并且注记并不必需要完整。上面须要包括所有的化验和X光检查报告以及一份签名的出院许可等等。Allergies and required medicine, such as insulin must be shown on the chart.过敏原和所必需抑制剂，如雌激素，也应在注记中亦会注明。

Excuse me, Ms. Wang. I want to go to the toilet.

劳驾，王为医务人员。我想去厕所。You need not go to the toilet. Please try the bedpan.你只能去厕所。请你用便盆吧。How can I urinate in bed?我怎么能在床上小便呢？You know you will not be allowed to get up for several days after the operation. So you must learn to use the bedpan.出院此后几天你是不允许下床的。所以你须要汉学家运用于便盆。OK. Let me he a try.好吧。我想来。When will I be sent to the operating room?我什么时候进出院室？About 8 O'clock. I'll wake you up at 7 O'clock and put down a nasogastric tube through one of your nostrils.是从八点。我亦会在七点叫醒你然后从你的鼻孔中亦会插入一根胃管。

Could you tell me why?

你能想到我为什么要插胃管吗？We will give you food through the tube on the second and third day after the operation.出院后第二、三天我们并不必需要通过胃管给你喂食。What time will I be back here?我什么时候能被送回这里？You'll be back at about 3 pm.是从下午三点。How can my wife know about the operation?我妻子怎样了解到我出院的重大突破？She can stay in the waiting room. We'll tell her as soon as possible about the operation.她亦会在等候室。出院一过后我们亦会竟然事先她。He you signed the consent?你在提议近日撕毁了吗？Yes. What should I do before operation?签了。出院在此之前我确实动手什么？We'll prepare you by shing and cleaning. Then you'll take a shower. You'll he a liquid diet for supper.我们亦会给你剃须动手漂白。然后你要洗个澡。晚饭你要肉一些流食。I know. Will the operation hurt very much?我告诉他了。出院亦会很乖吗？Don't worry. You won't feel anything during the operation.别担心，出院过程中亦会你不亦会感受到任何呕吐。You'll find yourself back in the room after the operation.出院后你醒过来的时候就早已在疾房了。You may feel some pain and feel drowsy. We will give you an injection to relieve the pain if you can't stand it.你可能亦会觉得想像中乖并昏昏沉沉。如果呕吐难忍的话我们亦会给你注射一些缓解呕吐的抑制剂。Thank you.明天你 二、出院中亦会

Operator, put me through to the operating room please.

话务员，请小弟我南接出院室。Just a minute. The line is engaged.稍为等。目在此之前占线。A few seconds later.几秒钟后。Operation room.出院室May I speak to the head nurse?能请医务人员长打招呼吗？Of course, she's right here.当然可以，她就在这。

Hello, I'm the head nurse. What can I do for you?

不得了，我是医务人员长。有什么可以小弟您？What's going on in the operation room right now?出院室中亦会目在此之前是什么具体情况。I he an emergency case coming in.我竟然有一个及时个案。We're making necessary preparations for an acute appendicitis operation this afternoon Dr. Wang is going to perform the operation.我们在为今天下午王为精神科的急性阑尾炎出院动手在此之前弗竟然。I was asked half an hour ago to see a severely injured patient who has had several of his ribs fractured. He needs a chest operation immediately. Would you arrange for an emergency operation?我半小时在此之前南接收了一个严重肋骨骨折的医护人员。他并不必需要立即南接受胸腔出院。你们小弟我须要及时出院吗？Of course, I'll make the necessary arrangements right away. I'll phone you everything is ready.当然可以。我竟然动手在此之前弗竟然。一切竟然再行此后我给你打电话。Fine, I'll be waiting for your call.好的，我等你电话。By the way, please tell the nurse that the blood bank will bring us 3 or 4 units of type B blood for surgical use.对了。请想到医务人员血库亦会给我们3或4该单位的B型血供出院运用于。Anything else?还有其他要说明的吗？Yes, I'm planning to use a general anesthesia and would like to he an assistant.有，我并不必需要动手身躯，并不必需要一位助理。All right. I'll let Dr. Wang know it immediately.好的。我竟然事先王为精神科。Thank you.明天你。You're welcome.不不对。After the operation. 三、练成后 The patient is in narcosis, take care.疾症还在苏醒状态，多留意。What kind of surgery has he had?他南接受了什么出院？A chest operation.胸腔出院。Is he allergic to any drug?他对什么抑制剂过敏吗？He's allergic to meperidine.他对哌替啶过敏。Did he lose much blood during the surgery?出院中亦会他坏死很多吗？He lost 400 ml of blood and received 2 units of red cells.他坏死400ml。我们给他决胜负了2该单位的红细胞。Has he received any other fluids?你们给他决胜负其他黏稠了吗？1000 ml of 5% dextrose in distilled water.1000毫升则有5%的硫酸。 四、出院后康复与护理

After the operation, the surgical patient often needs intensive care.

出院此后，外科医护人员一般而言并不必需要加强护理。Here there are some reasons. Of course, some common problems will occur.这其中亦会有一些状况。当然，也亦会有一些常见难题消失。The problems can be expected and therefore anticipated.这些难题是可以预见的。After the operation, patients often need hemodynamic monitoring.出院此后并不必需要对医护人员完成血流动力学监护。Many of the conditions are related to basic medical problems.医护人员的很多症状与也就是说的针灸难题相关。Some patients will he intraoperative hemorrhage or postoperative infection.一些医护人员亦会消失练成中亦会坏死或练成后染疾。

It may lead to instability. So the patient needs special care.

这亦会加剧出院后疾情趋于牢固不牢固。因此医护人员并不必需要特别看护。This will be much more common after emergency surgical procedures.这种具体情况在急诊出院医护人员身上极为常见。If patients suddenly decompensate, they need to be taken into the intensive care unit, ICU.如果医护人员突然细胞内痉挛，并不必需要将其带往重症加强护理疾房。Patients with severe blunt or penetrating trauma will also suffer from hemodynamic instability.钝挫伤及致命性创伤疾症还亦会消坏死流动力学不牢固。Very often, they will he an immediate inflammatory response which is caused by severe bone and soft tissue injury.他们很可能亦会消失急性坏死中间体，这是由严重角质或者软组织受伤致使。If hypovolemic shock occurs, then it shows that the injury is serious. The patient sometimes needs blood transfusion to correct the deficit.如果消失高于血容量性休克，这声称受伤严重。有时并不必需要对医护人员完成决胜负血来补充其体内尿液。Occasionally, the patient's physiological changes call for critical care.医护人员的荷尔蒙转变而会也亦会并不必需要特别监护。If patients he nontrauma emergencies that are related to perforated viscous or necrotic bowel, an even greater total body insult will occur.如果非创伤性疾疾的急诊疾症的疾症与肠穿孔粘滞或肠坏死有关，那么疾症整个机体可能亦会受其受到影响。Each insult leads to a systemic inflammatory response.这些受到影响亦会分别加剧各个人体器官的有系统坏死中间体。It may progress to multi-organ failure if appropriate intervention is not provided.如果不采取有效外科手练成，疾症可能消失多人体器官功能衰竭 。Collectively, these surgical patients cover the majority of the patients who he to be sent to the ICU.总而言之，重症加护疾房的疾症仅有是外科出院疾症。 五、练成后趋于牢固

Ms. Wang, I'm hing a pain here.

王为精神科，我这里很乖。I'll give you pain relieving medicine.我给你开一些止乖药。It's better now. But I'm a little thirsty. Would you please give me some water?现今好些了。但是我很渴。你可以给我一些水饮用吗？I'm afraid I can't. But I can moisten your lips to quench your thirst.后悔，却说你现今不可以洗澡。但是我可以在你的嘴唇上蘸一些水小弟你解渴。Thanks. When can I drink?明天。我什么时候可以洗澡？When your bowel is sound and gag reflex returns.并不必需要等你的肠鸣音和咽透射趋于牢固此后才可以饮用。Then I can eat something?那时我就可以肉进去了吗？I'm afraid you can't.却说不行。When can I eat?我什么时候才可以肉进去？

You can take a liquid diet on the 1st postoperative day. You will gradually increase to a soft diet and regular meals after the 4th postoperative day.

出院一天此后你可以肉一些流食。然后你慢慢可以肉软食，出院四天此后就可以长时间过夜了。What's the liquid diet?流食是什么？It consists of liquids that don't irritate or cause gas formation, for example, tea, coffee, strained food or vegetable juice and fat-free broth.流食以无无味或者不亦会加剧气体产生的黏稠偏重于，例如名茶、咖啡、过滤蔬果、蔬菜汁和无脂羹。What's the soft diet?软食是什么？It includes soup, fish, eggs but not fried, bean curd, noodles, dumplings and so on.软食包括羹、鱼肉、非配料面包、豆腐、煎饼、甜食等等。Which kind of food should I oid?我确实可避免肉哪些饲料呢？Rich pastries, hey salad dressing, fried food, lard, etc.清爽的点心、过多的色拉甜调料、配料蔬果、猪油等。Anything important?还有什么并不必需要特别注意的吗？Yes, you'll do some breathing exercise tomorrow.有，明天你并不必需要动手一些换气磨练。Why?为什么？The exercise will help prevent respiratory complications.换气磨练可以预防换气系统肝硬化。Will you help do the exercise or I do it myself?我要自己动手磨练吗，还是你亦会诊疗我？I'll help you and give you some advice.我亦会小弟你，给你弗一些表示提议。Can you tell me now how I will do it?你现今可以想到我怎样动手吗？Of course. Press your incision, breathe deeply and then cough. I will raise the head of your bed.当然可以。示意出院侧边，深换气然后发烧。我亦会把你的身旁升高一些。I see.我告诉他了。Please press the button when you feel discomfort.如果你觉得有什么不适的话请按呼叫器。I will. Thank you.我亦会的，明天你。